@article{ref1,
title="The long waves of alcohol consumption: A social network perspective on cultural change",
journal="Social networks",
year="1986",
author="Skog, Ole-Jørgen",
volume="8",
number="1",
pages="1-32",
abstract="Official records of alcohol consumption, as well as other historical sources, tell a story of variations which are both long-term and large-scale. In the first part of this paper the nature of these variations is discussed; also, the trends in alcohol consumption in Norway during the period 1851-1982 are analysed, in both the time domain and the frequency domain (spectral analysis). On the basis of the results, the question is raised whether the observed wave-like variations are suggesting the existence of a cyclical, recurrent process, or if they are the result of a less systematic and persistent mechanism. In the second part of this paper a theoretical argument for the latter hypothesis is outlined, which links the problem to the alleged collective nature of the drinking culture. The argument is based on a model of dynamic processes of behavior modification in social networks, which links macro-level changes to micro-level mechanisms. It is argued that pseudo-cyclical patterns, very similar to those observed for alcohol consumption, can be produced by processes which operate without a persistent direction, and have their roots in these micro-level mechanisms.<p />",
language="",
issn="0378-8733",
doi="10.1016/S0378-8733(86)80013-2",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8733(86)80013-2"
}