@article{ref1,
title="Suicide risk in bipolar patients: the role of co-morbid substance use disorders",
journal="Bipolar disorders",
year="2003",
author="Dalton, E. Jane and Cate-Carter, Tasha D. and Mundo, Emanuela and Parikh, Sagar V. and Kennedy, James L.",
volume="5",
number="1",
pages="58-61",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Bipolar disorder is associated with a high frequency of both completed suicides and suicide attempts. The primary aim of this study was to identify clinical predictors of suicide attempts in subjects with bipolar disorder. METHODS: We studied 336 subjects with a diagnosis of bipolar I, bipolar II, or schizoaffective disorder (bipolar type). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I) was administered and subsequently two expert psychiatrists established a diagnosis. Predictors of suicide attempts were examined in attempters and non-attempters. RESULTS: The lifetime rate of suicide attempts for the entire sample was 25.6%. A lifetime co-morbid substance use disorder was a significant predictor of suicide attempts: bipolar subjects with co-morbid substance use disorders (SUD) had a 39.5% lifetime rate of attempted suicide, while those without had a 23.8% rate (odds ratio = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.03-4.21, chi2 = 4.33, df = 1, p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: Lifetime co-morbid SUD were associated with a higher rate of suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder. This relationship may have a genetic origin and/or be explained by severity of illness and trait impulsivity.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1398-5647",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}