@article{ref1,
title="Limit State and Probabilistic Formats in The Analysis of Bracing Piers of Annular Cross-Sections",
journal="Baltic journal of road and bridge engineering",
year="2008",
author="Kudzys, Antanas and Kliukas, Romualdas",
volume="3",
number="3",
pages="167-173",
abstract="The expediency and efficiency of concrete bridge piers of annular cross-sections reinforced by steel bars uniformly distributed throughout their perimeter are considered in this paper. Modeling of permanent and live load effects and bearing capacity of bracing tubular piers is presented. The features of unsophisticated probability-based design formats are analyzed. A simplified but fairly exact analysis of eccentrically loaded piers by limit state and probabilistic approaches is provided. The design practice of bracing tubular piers using limit state and probabilistic approaches is illustrated by a numerical example.<p />",
language="",
issn="1822-427X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}