@article{ref1,
title="A four-point plan for fighting snow",
journal="APWA reporter",
year="1991",
author="Flaherty, G.",
volume="58",
number="5",
pages="14-15",
abstract="Article describes Portland, Maine's plan for dealing with snowstorms. There are four areas of emergency management: (1) mitigation, (2) preparedness, (3) response, and (4) recovery. Discusses various means of controlling snow and ice coverage such as liquid calcium and Verglimit, a substance that prevents bonding of ice to a road surface. Portland also updates its winter storm operations plan and public announcements and brochure; and puts equipment operators and winter staff through a &quot;dry run&quot; before storms occur. Response activities include equipment checking, preparing dispatch staff, pre-salting and sanding of critical intersections, and flash operation of critical signals. Recovery, after the snow has ended, continues until all systems return to normal or are improved. A storm/incident critique is then conducted from data gathered during the severe weather response.<p />",
language="",
issn="0092-4873",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}