@article{ref1,
title="Financing rural roads and bridges",
journal="APWA reporter",
year="1988",
author="Walzer, N. and Chicoine, D. and McWilliams, R.",
volume="55",
number="2",
pages="18-19",
abstract="A survey of county officials in Illinois, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin showed that 43% of county-maintained road mileage in these states have barely adequate or worse surfaces. Bridge condition is even more crucial than that of roads. To bring all roads to AASHTO standards in the average county would cost $27.3 million. Estimated costs of improving bridges to AASHTO standards in the 4 states is $2.9 billion. Similar conditions can be can be expected in states where counties have full responsibility for rural local roads. County governments have few options to improve financing. Survey respondents ranked options for increasing revenues. The most favored option was higher motor fuel tax sharing. Next most popular option was higher license fees, followed by general state grants. Increasing the federal bridge replacement program ranked fourth, and fifth was a county option wheel tax. County administrators have limited options to respond to financing problems. These include increasing revenues, cutting back on services, and increasing productivity.<p />",
language="",
issn="0092-4873",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}