@article{ref1,
title="Key Elements of Snow and Ice Control: Safe Roads, Money and the Environment",
journal="APWA reporter",
year="2007",
author="Schaefer, Kathleen",
volume="74",
number="10",
pages="34-35",
abstract="Four agencies are presented in this article illustrating key elements of snow and ice control while balancing the need for safe roads and an acceptable level of service, as well as budgetary constraints. The agencies are the environmental leadership award winners at the 2007 Road Salt Symposium, which recognized them for their success in maintaining safe roads, reducing costs and protecting the environment. Ramsey County Public Works Department in Arden Hills, Minnesota, has a new facility and a new program to calibrate salt applications, along with a switch to using 100 percent salt. The University of Minnesota Duluth Facilities Management group has redesigned equipment to apply salt at lower rates and to use more mechanical removal methods to reduce the need for any deicers. Experiences of the City of St. Cloud, Minnesota, and the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Campus, are also described.<p />",
language="",
issn="0092-4873",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}