@article{ref1,
title="An Alternative Formulation for Symmetric Sine Based Collision Pulse Models",
journal="Collision: the international compendium for crash research",
year="2008",
author="Singh, Jai and Perry, John",
volume="3",
number="1",
pages="34-43",
abstract="This article describes a study to develop alternate analytical solutions for the for the half sine and haversine collision pulse models that matched the total change in velocity and crush depth present for vehicles tested under U.S. New Car Assessment Program protocols and to elucidate the force-displacement and force-crush relationships. The solutions are developed by implementing the initial and terminal velocity and displacement constraints. The resulting formulation exactly matches the change in speed incurred by the test vehicle and the crush present at the end of the collision duration. An example problem is used to compare the results of the proposed formulation with previous formulations.<p />",
language="",
issn="1934-8681",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}