@article{ref1,
title="A driving record analysis of suspension and revocation effects on the drinking-driving offender",
journal="Accident analysis and prevention",
year="1984",
author="Williams, R. L. and Hagen, R. E. and McConnell, E. J.",
volume="16",
number="5-6",
pages="333-338",
abstract="Past studies have demonstrated that license suspension or revocation reduces subsequent DUI convictions and traffic accidents of multiple DUI offenders to a greater degree than jail sentences and fines alone, or participation in an alternative alcohol abuse treatment program. This study describes the duration of the impact of recidivism-Ievel-specific licensing actions on DUI offenders at three recidivism levels. Results indicate that the first DUI offender (who receives no licensing action) represents a DUI recidivism and accident risk comparable to the suspended second DUI offender during the year following their respective DUI convictions. Furthermore, additional record entries indicate that at least 32% of suspended second offenders drive during the period of the licensing action; at least 61% of revoked third offenders acquire a record entry during the licensing action. In addition to the results, major program recommendations concerning the first offender and the use of restricted licenses are outlined.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0001-4575",
doi="10.1016/0001-4575(84)90047-2",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(84)90047-2"
}