@article{ref1,
title="Tanning in body dysmorphic disorder",
journal="Psychiatric quarterly",
year="2006",
author="Phillips, Katharine A. and Conroy, Michelle and Dufresne, Raymond G. and Menard, William and Didie, Elizabeth R. and Hunter-Yates, Jennifer and Fay, Christina and Pagano, Maria",
volume="77",
number="2",
pages="129-138",
abstract="Tanning in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has not previously been studied. In this study, 200 subjects with BDD were evaluated with measures to examine the prevalence of BDD-related tanning--i.e., darkening one's skin color by direct exposure to sunlight or artificial light which is motivated by a desire to improve a perceived appearance defect (i.e., a BDD concern). We also examined clinical characteristics of individuals who engaged in BDD-related tanning. 25% (95% CI, 19.0%-31.0%) of subjects reported BDD-related tanning. Among tanners, the skin was the most common body area of concern (84.0%). All tanners experienced functional impairment due to BDD, 26% had attempted suicide, and quality of life was markedly poor. 52% of tanners had received dermatologic treatment, which was usually ineffective for BDD symptoms. Tanners were more likely than non-tanners to compulsively pick their skin. In conclusion, tanning--a behavior with well-known health risks--is a relatively frequent BDD-related behavior.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0033-2720",
doi="10.1007/s11126-006-9002-2",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11126-006-9002-2"
}