@article{ref1,
title="Influence of pre-impact occupant properties on the injury response during frontal collisions",
journal="Proceedings of the International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury conference",
year="2008",
author="Bose, D. and Crandall, Jeffrey Richard and Untaroiu, C. and Maslen, E.",
volume="36",
number="",
pages="135-148",
abstract="Optimal performance of future adaptive restraint systems will require an accurate assessment of occupant characteristics including physical properties and pre-collision behavior of the occupant. The sensitivity of frontal collision induced injuries to occupant state parameters: stature, mass, and pre-collision postural orientation was investigated. A numerically modeled restraint system was used to determine the potential benefits in injury mitigation by accounting for the occupant state parameters estimated during the pre-collision phase. The restraint system with properties optimized for varying sets of occupant anthropometries and posture states reported a reduction of 20-35% in the value of overall injuries. Restraint loading characteristics optimized for individual values of occupant parameters reported significant variation in the load-limiting threshold of the restraint system (4 kN to 8 kN). The influence of occupant state parameters on the overall injuries sustained in frontal collisions and the requirements on optimized restraint performance will provide a framework for developing restraint systems using accurate information regarding pre-collision occupant behavior.<p />",
language="en",
issn="2235-3151",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}