@article{ref1,
title="Low brain serotonin turnover rate (low CSF 5-HIAA) and impulsive violence",
journal="Journal of psychiatry and neuroscience",
year="1995",
author="Virkkunen, Matti and Goldman, David and Nielsen, D. A. and Linnoila, M.",
volume="20",
number="4",
pages="271-275",
abstract="The findings of a series of studies by the authors support the idea that most impulsive offenders who have a tendency to behave aggressively while intoxicated have a low brain serotonin turnover rate. The impulsive violent offenders with the lowest CSF 5-HIAA concentrations have diurnal activity rhythm disturbances, and are also prone to hypoglycemia after an oral glucose challenge. Low CSF 5-HIAA combined with hyoglycemic tendency also predicts future violence under the influence of alcohol. Sons of alcoholic fathers, who have committed violent crimes, have very low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations. Vagal tone does not correlate significantly with CSF 5-HIAA but correlates with enhanced insulin secretion, which is most prominent in subjects with intermittent explosive disorder. A polymorphism of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) gene is associated with low CSF 5-HIAA and a history of suicide attempts.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1180-4882",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}