@article{ref1,
title="Unwanted anal penetration as a physical cause of faecal incontinence",
journal="European journal of gastroenterology and hepatology",
year="1995",
author="Engel, A. F. and Kamm, M. A. and Bartram, C. I.",
volume="7",
number="1",
pages="65-67",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To investigate sexual abuse as a cause of faecal incontinence. PATIENTS: Seven patients (two men and five women) with a history of sexual abuse, including anal penetration, and faecal incontinence. METHODS: Anorectal physiological techniques and anal endosonography were used for patient assessment. RESULTS: All seven patients had evidence of internal sphincter disruption and three had additional external anal sphincter dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Unwanted anal penetration can cause permanent structural anal sphincter damage.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0954-691X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}