@article{ref1,
title="Hopelessness as a risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among interpersonal violence survivors",
journal="Cognitive behaviour therapy",
year="2005",
author="Scher, Christine D. and Resick, Patricia A.",
volume="34",
number="2",
pages="99-107",
abstract="Post-traumatic stress disorder often co-occurs with depression, and they may share common risk factors. One possible common cognitive risk factor is hopelessness. Thus, we examined whether hopelessness was related to symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Participants were 202 female survivors of interpersonal violence. Relationships between self-reported and interviewer-rated measures of hopelessness gathered at 2 weeks post-trauma and self-reported and interviewer-rated symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder gathered at 2 weeks and 3 months post-trauma were examined. Hierarchical, simultaneous regression analyses that co-varied trauma type revealed that hopelessness was related to self-reported symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, both concurrently and prospectively. Follow-up analyses revealed that relationships between hopelessness and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder were due almost entirely to shared variance with depression. No relationships were found between hopelessness and interviewer-rated symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1650-6073",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}