@article{ref1,
title="Comparison of post-disaster psychiatric disorders after terrorist bombings in Nairobi and Oklahoma City",
journal="British journal of psychiatry",
year="2005",
author="North, Carol S. and Pfefferbaum, Betty and Narayanan, Pushpa and Thielman, Samuel and McCoy, Gretchen and Dumont, Cedric and Kawasaki, Aya and Ryosho, Natsuko and Kim, You-Seung and Spitznagel, Edward L.",
volume="186",
number="",
pages="487-493",
abstract="BACKGROUND: African disaster-affected populations are poorly represented in disaster mental health literature. AIMS: To compare systematically assessed mental health in populations directly exposed to terrorist bombing attacks on two continents, North America and Africa. METHOD: Structured diagnostic interviews compared citizens exposed to bombings of the US Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya (n=227) and the Oklahoma City Federal Building (n=182). RESULTS: Prevalence rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression were similar after the bombings. No incident (new since the bombing) alcohol use disorders were observed in either site. Symptom group C was strongly associated with PTSD in both sites. The Nairobi group relied more on religious support and the Oklahoma City group used more medical treatment, drugs and alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Post-disaster psychopathology had many similarities in the two cultures; however, coping responses and treatment were quite different. The findings suggest potential for international generalisability of post-disaster psychopathology, but confirmatory studies are needed.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0007-1250",
doi="10.1192/bjp.186.6.487",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.186.6.487"
}