@article{ref1,
title="Profile of trauma-related residual periorbital deformities in Indian children",
journal="International ophthalmology",
year="2004",
author="Pushker, Neelam and Bajaj, Mandeep S. and Sharma, Vidushi and Balasubramanya, R.",
volume="25",
number="4",
pages="239-242",
abstract="PURPOSE: To describe the profile of periorbital trauma in Indian children less than 10 years of age. METHODS: Thirty two children with periorbital injuries were evaluated, over a period of 1 year. Demographic features, mechanism and type of injury were noted. Detailed ophthalmic examination and investigations, including X-ray, ultrasonography, and CT scan were done as needed. Patients requiring secondary intervention were followed-up up to 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: Among the 32 children seen, 20 (63%) were males, 25 of 32 (78%) were between 4 and 7 years of age. Fall was the cause of injury in 31% (10/32) and assault in 28% (9/32). Medial canthal injury was the commonest of all periorbital injuries manifesting as lacrimal drainage obstruction and telecanthus. Associated fractures of the naso-orbital bones were present in 7 patients (22%) and ocular injuries were seen in 18 patients (56%). Secondary intervention was performed in 20 patients and lacrimal drainage procedure was the commonest surgery, performed in 15 out of 20 (75%). CONCLUSION: Periorbital injuries in children not only lead to midfacial deformities and lacrimal drainage obstruction but are associated with significant ocular damage also.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-5701",
doi="10.1007/s10792-005-5015-3",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-005-5015-3"
}