@article{ref1,
title="Trained modulation of sensorimotor rhythms can affect reaction time",
journal="Clinical neurophysiology",
year="2011",
author="Boulay, C. B. and Sarnacki, W. A. and Wolpaw, J. R. and McFarland, D. J.",
volume="122",
number="9",
pages="1820-1826",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology might be useful for rehabilitation of motor function. This speculation is based on the premise that modifying the EEG will modify behavior, a proposition for which there is limited empirical data. The present study examined the possibility that voluntary modulation of sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) can affect motor behavior in normal human subjects. METHODS: Six individuals performed a cued-reaction task with variable warning periods. A typical variable foreperiod effect was associated with SMR desynchronization. SMR features that correlated with reaction times were then used to control a two-target cursor movement BCI task. Following successful BCI training, an uncued reaction time task was embedded within the cursor movement task. RESULTS: Voluntarily increasing SMR beta rhythms was associated with longer reaction times than decreasing SMR beta rhythms. CONCLUSIONS: Voluntary modulation of EEG SMR can affect motor behavior. SIGNIFICANCE: These results encourage studies that integrate BCI training into rehabilitation protocols and examine its capacity to augment restoration of useful motor function.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1388-2457",
doi="10.1016/j.clinph.2011.02.016",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2011.02.016"
}