@article{ref1,
title="Head and neck sequelae of torture",
journal="Laryngoscope",
year="2010",
author="Crosby, Sondra S. and Mohan, Shaulnie and Di Loreto, Christina and Spiegel, Jeffrey H.",
volume="120",
number="2",
pages="414-419",
abstract="OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To increase awareness of torture among otolaryngologists, and to describe methods and complications of head and neck torture. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. METHODS: Five cases of survivors of torture were evaluated in an otolaryngology practice in an urban hospital setting. RESULTS: The subjects presented with widely variable symptoms and physical manifestations related to the head and neck as a result of torture, in addition to psychiatric disease. Documentation of head and neck findings were essential to the asylum claim. CONCLUSIONS: Otolaryngologists serving immigrant and refugee populations must be familiar with methods and manifestations of torture involving the head and neck.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0023-852X",
doi="10.1002/lary.20731",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.20731"
}