@article{ref1,
title="Crowding and violence on psychiatric wards: explanatory models",
journal="Canadian journal of psychiatry, The",
year="2001",
author="Kumar, S. and Ng, B.",
volume="46",
number="5",
pages="433-437",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Violence is widely prevalent on acute-care psychiatric wards, and crowding has been identified as a major risk factor. This paper explores why patients may respond to crowding with violence. METHOD: We carried out a literature review on Medline, using the key words &quot;violence&quot; and &quot;crowding.&quot; We conducted an additional hand search of the references collected from the reviewed papers. RESULTS: Factors specific to the relation between crowding on acute-care inpatient psychiatric wards and violence can be divided under the following headings: 1) patient density, privacy, and control; 2) ward architecture; 3) the social organization of psychiatric wards; 4) interpersonal space; 5) phylogenic theories; and 6) anthropological theories of human behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: We offer explanatory models for this relation and suggest strategies to counter the effects of crowding. Recommendations are made for future studies.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0706-7437",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}