@article{ref1,
title="An explorative, population-based study of female disability pensioners: the role of childhood conditions and alcohol abuse/dependence",
journal="Scandinavian journal of public health",
year="2002",
author="Upmark, Marianne and Thundal, Kajsa-Lena",
volume="30",
number="3",
pages="191-199",
abstract="AIMS: This study investigates the association in women between conditions during childhood and adolescence and alcohol dependence or abuse in adulthood on the one hand, and disability pensions and long-term sickness absence on the other. METHODS: A stratified population-based sample of women in Göteborg was interviewed. For analyses in this study the following variables were selected from the interview protocol: childhood and adolescence, education, employment, social class, self-rated physical health and alcohol dependence or abuse (ADA), with diagnoses assessed according to DSM-III-R. Information on disability pension and sickness absence was obtained from the local Social Insurance Office. RESULTS: Unfavourable conditions during childhood and adolescence and school difficulties as well as early deviant behaviours predicted disability pension and long-term sickness absence in adulthood. For most risk factors ADA could explain only a minor part of the odds ratios found in crude and age-adjusted analyses. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that conditions early in life are predictors in women of disability pension and long-term incapacity to work. There are similarities in the pattern of early risk factors for later alcohol dependence or abuse and for disability pension/long-term sickness absence.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1403-4948",
doi="10.1080/14034940210133861",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14034940210133861"
}