@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence and complications of physical violence during pregnancy",
journal="European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology",
year="2002",
author="Rachana, Chibber and Suraiya, Khwaja and Hisham, Al-Sibai and Abdulaziz, Al-Mulhim and Hai, Abdul",
volume="103",
number="1",
pages="26-29",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To assess the incidence of self-reported physical violence in pregnancy and describe the association with foeto-maternal complications and birth outcome. METHOD: Seven thousand one hundred and five pregnant women over a 3 year period were assessed for self-reported physical violence. Maternal ante-natal hospitalization, low birth weight and pre-term delivery. Odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to measure association between physical violence, maternal morbidity and birth outcome. RESULTS: The prevalence of physical violence was 21%. Women who reported/experienced physical violence, were more likely to be hospitalized ante-natally for maternal complications such as trauma due to blows/kicks on the pregnant abdomen, abruptio-placenta, pre-term labor and kidney infections. There was a positive association between physical violence during pregnancy and cesarean section, abruptio-placenta, fetal distress, and pre-maturity. CONCLUSION: Physical violence during pregnancy is common and is associated with adverse materno-fetal outcome.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0301-2115",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}