@article{ref1,
title="Persistence of posttraumatic stress in violently injured youth seen in the emergency department",
journal="Archives of pediatrics and adolescent medicine",
year="2002",
author="Fein, Joel A. and Kassam-Adams, Nancy and Gavin, Maureen and Huang, Rex and Blanchard, Deena and Datner, Elizabeth M.",
volume="156",
number="8",
pages="836-840",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To determine if symptoms of posttraumatic stress, initially evaluated in the emergency department (ED) setting, persist over time. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Two urban, academic medical center EDs. PATIENTS: Sixty-nine injured patients, aged 12 to 24 years, were assessed for acute posttraumatic stress symptoms at the time of their enrollment in an ongoing ED-based study of intentional youth violence, and assessed for posttraumatic stress symptoms up to 5 months later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Immediate Stress Reaction Checklist, administered during the ED visit, and the Symptom Checklist of the Child and Adolescent Trauma Survey, administered during routine telephone follow-up. RESULTS: Patients in the emergency department reported a range of acute stress symptoms on the Immediate Stress Reaction Checklist, with 25% reporting clinically significant distress. On follow-up assessment, 15% reported significant posttraumatic stress symptoms. The severity of acute stress symptoms was strongly associated with the severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms at follow-up (r = 0.55, P<.005). Age, sex, injury type, and time from injury to follow-up were not associated with the degree of acute stress or posttraumatic stress symptom severity at initial or follow-up assessment. CONCLUSION: This study provides preliminary evidence that acute stress symptoms, assessed in the ED in the immediate aftermath of a traumatic injury, are useful indicators of risk for later posttraumatic stress.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1072-4710",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}