@article{ref1,
title="A rapid method to detect dried saliva stains swabbed from human skin using fluorescence spectroscopy",
journal="Forensic science international",
year="2000",
author="Soukos, N. S. and Crowley, K. and Bamberg, M. P. and Gillies, R. and Doukas, A. G. and Evans, R. and Kollias, N.",
volume="114",
number="3",
pages="133-138",
abstract="Saliva on skin is important in forensic trace evidence. If areas where saliva is present can be outlined, this may lead to DNA analysis and identification. This study describes a rapid and non-destructive method to detect dried saliva on the surface of the skin by fluorescence spectroscopy. Eighty-two volunteers deposited samples of their own saliva on the skin of their ventral forearm. A control sample of water was deposited at three different sites on the contralateral arm. Saliva and water control were then allowed to air-dry. Swab samples were taken from dried saliva and control sites and were dissolved in 0.1M KCl solution. Emission spectra were obtained from the solution and were characterized by a principal maximum at 345-355nm with excitation at 282nm. The fluorescence emission intensity was greater than background readings obtained from the control swab site in 80 of 82 volunteers (approximately 97.6%). The fluorescence profile of saliva samples were similar to those obtained from aqueous samples of pure amylase and tryptophan, an endogenous fluorophore in alpha-amylase. The presence of an emission peak at 345-355nm with excitation at 282nm could provide a strong presumptive indication of saliva deposition.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0379-0738",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}