@article{ref1,
title="Examining Objectification Theory",
journal="Counseling psychologist",
year="2008",
author="Hill, Melanie S. and Fischer, Ann R.",
volume="36",
number="5",
pages="745-776",
abstract="Many theorists have suggested that living in a culture in which women's bodies are sexually objectified socializes girls and women to treat themselves as objects. This study developed a theory-based measure of cultural sexual objectification and explored the relationship between women's reports of cultural sexual objectification experiences and self-objectification. The possible moderating effects of sexual orientation were explored using hierarchical moderated regressions. The major findings, in a sample of 361 women, were (a) women's reports of sexualized gaze/harassment were significantly related to their own self-objectification, (b) lesbian and heterosexual women reported similar levels of sexualized gaze/harassment, and (c) the relationship between sexualized gaze/harassment and self-objectification was not significantly different for the lesbian and heterosexual subsamples. Potential implications for counseling and directions for future research are discussed.<p />",
language="",
issn="0011-0000",
doi="10.1177/0011000007301669",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000007301669"
}