@article{ref1,
title="Usability issues concerning child restraint system harness design",
journal="Accident analysis and prevention",
year="2003",
author="Rudin-Brown, Christina M. and Kumagai, Jason K. and Angel, Harry A. and Iwasa-Madge, Kim M. and Noy, Y. Ian",
volume="35",
number="3",
pages="341-348",
abstract="A study was conducted to assess usability issues relating to child restraint system (CRS) harness design. Four convertible child restraint systems representing a wide variety of design features were used. Forty-two participants installed two child test dummies in both forward- and rear-facing configurations either inside or outside a test vehicle. Observer-scored checklists determined the degree to which each harness was installed correctly. Participant-scored questionnaires evaluated the 'ease-of-use' of various design features. While the percentage of correct installations exceeded 83% for all designs when installed in the forward-facing configuration, in the rear-facing position (that intended for children under 9-10 kg), there was a significant (between 65 and 89%) percentage of incorrect installations for all models. This finding is of particular interest and may be indicative of a more generalized problem with 'convertible' CRS designs when they are used in the rear-facing configuration. Furthermore, while certain design features were perceived by users as providing significantly better protection in the event of a collision, these also tended to be the features that were misused most often. The benefits and costs of various design features are discussed, and a method to test harness design usability is presented.",
language="en",
issn="0001-4575",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}