@article{ref1,
title="The nature and process of interdisciplinary research",
journal="IATSS research",
year="1977",
author="Koshi, M.",
volume="1",
number="1",
pages="118-121",
abstract="The author sees &quot;interdisciplinary research&quot; as joint research by scientists belonging to various specialized fields. For such a joint effort to be successful, both his objective, or &quot;output&quot; as the author calls it, and that task assigned to each participant must be defined in advance. Without these definitions, concurrent research activities are no more than a plurality of individual activities not well geared to achieve the common objective.  Further, since the output must be high in practicability, the character of application in each specialized field will inevitably show up.  Each field has its own basic and a long-term research targets and they should be carried out mostly not on interdisciplinary basis.  In this sense, the author believes it is meaningless to value interdisciplinary research more than &quot;multidisciplinary&quot; research or vice versa.<p />",
language="",
issn="0386-1112",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}