@article{ref1,
title="Basic research on rear-end collisions",
journal="IATSS research",
year="1979",
author="Nishimura, Tazuko and Takai, H",
volume="3",
number="1",
pages="94-107",
abstract="This report on the incidence of rear-end collision accidents factors and indices such as type of road and traffic volume.  Using accident statistics over the last three to five years on roads in general and expressways (particularly urban expressways), a statistical analysis has been made of the relationship to traffic volume and of the influence which lane layout planning as well as overall highway design will have on the incidence of rear end crashes.   This research on the incidence of rear-end collision accidents (rate of incidence) has been analyzed in light of the relationship with indexes such as those of type of road and traffic volume. Based upon traffic accident statistics over the last three to five years on roads in general and expressways (in particular urban expressway arteries), a statistical analysis has been made of the relationship to traffic volume and the influence which lane layout and planning as well as overall highway design will have on these incidence rates. A comparison was then made of the incidence of accident involving a single vehicle. Research has shown that the rate of outbreak of rear-end collisions is directly proportional to the degree of congestion or traffic volume. When it came to the relationship to lane layout and number of traffic lanes, however, no clear direct proportional relationship was observable. This appears to indicate that there are limitations to the application of such analytical tools. <br><br>KEYWORDS: Crash rates; Data analysis; Highway design; Mathematical analysis; Rear end collisions; Traffic congestion; Traffic volume, Close following<p /> <p>Language: en</p><p />",
language="en",
issn="0386-1112",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}