@article{ref1,
title="Use of GNSS for vehicle-pedestrian and vehicle-cyclist crash avoidance",
journal="International journal of vehicle safety",
year="2011",
author="Ong, Richard and Lachapelle, Gerard",
volume="5",
number="2",
pages="137-155",
abstract="The effectiveness of various Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) navigation algorithms for Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) and Vehicle-to-Cyclist (V2C) crash avoidance is investigated under the assumption that vehicles, pedestrians and cyclists have GPS units. Collisions were simulated in a road test under open sky. For V2P collisions, GNSS navigation was able to provide at least one second of warning time for most collisions. For V2C collisions, half a second of warning time could be obtained. In both cases, the literature supports the notion that these warning times could help avoid crashes.<p />",
language="en",
issn="1479-3105",
doi="10.1504/IJVS.2011.040132",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJVS.2011.040132"
}