@article{ref1,
title="A randomized study of four cards designed to prevent problems during college students' 21st birthday celebrations",
journal="Journal of studies on alcohol",
year="2006",
author="Smith, B. H. and Bogle, Kristin E. and Talbott, Laura and Gant, Rick and Castillo, Helen",
volume="67",
number="4",
pages="607-615",
abstract="ABSTRACT. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of sending cards designed to prevent alcohol-related problems during 21st birthday celebrations. Method: College students were randomly assigned to receive cards with one of the following messages: (1) a neutral birthday greeting; (2) harm reduction information; (3) messages designed by the Be Responsible About Drinking (B.R.A.D.) Foundation, including harm reduction information and a description of the tragic death of Brad McCue during his 21st birthday celebration; (4) social norming messages designed to correct misperceptions of drinking; or (5) the combination of messages from Cards 2 and 4. A total of 994 students completed a post-21st birthday phone survey. Effects were evaluated in two cohorts with 444 and 550 students, respectively. Results: There were no significant effects of the cards on drinking or alcohol-related problems. Conclusions: These null findings, plus some unexpected trends in our data, highlight the importance of carefully evaluating mailed interventions before deploying them on a large scale.   <p></p>  <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0096-882X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}