@article{ref1,
title="Depressive symptoms during adolescence: Do learning difficulties matter?",
journal="International journal of behavioral development",
year="2011",
author="Kiuru, Noona and Leskinen, Esko and Nurmi, Jari-erik and Salmela-Aro, Katariina",
volume="35",
number="4",
pages="298-306",
abstract="To examine whether learning difficulties play a role in depressive symptoms, 658 Finnish adolescents were asked to complete scales for depression three times during the transition to post-comprehensive education. They also reported on their learning difficulties and feelings of inadequacy as a student. The results showed that learning difficulties prospectively predicted depressive symptoms. Moreover, the impact of learning difficulties was mediated via inadequacy as a student: learning difficulties predicted feelings of inadequacy as a student which, in turn, contributed to greater increases in depressive symptoms. Finally, gender moderated the association between learning difficulties and depressive symptoms: both being a girl and having a high level of learning difficulties predicted a higher initial level of depressive symptoms.<p />",
language="",
issn="0165-0254",
doi="10.1177/0165025410396764",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025410396764"
}