@article{ref1,
title="Clinical significance of Cloninger's classification in a sample of alcoholic Spanish men",
journal="Addiction",
year="1998",
author="Rubio, G. and León, G. and Pascual, F. F. and Santo-Domingo, J.",
volume="93",
number="1",
pages="93-101",
abstract="AIMS: To evaluate Cloninger's classification in a sample of alcoholic Spanish men. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was carried out on subjects diagnosed as alcoholics. SETTING: Out-patient units specializing in the treatment of alcoholics and the psychiatry unit of a general hospital. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and ninety-eight males diagnosed as alcoholics. The mean age was 44.4 +/- 11.6 years and 98% were from urban areas. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R(SCID). They were classified using type 1 and type 2 criteria of Cloninger's classification. FINDINGS: Only one-third of our sample could be classified by Cloninger's type 1 and type 2 criteria. Patients classified as belonging to type 2 had an earlier onset of regular drinking compared to type 1 patients. Type 2 subjects presented a higher percentage of alcohol-related problems as well as problems related to drugs other than alcohol and they also presented a higher percentage of antisocial personality disorder. No differences in alcoholism family history were found between the groups. Criteria showing the poorest discriminative ability between both groups were &quot;failure to keep abstinent&quot; and &quot;benders lasting at least two days&quot;. CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not support Cloninger's etiological hypotheses for alcoholism. Cultural differences may be responsible for the different drinking patterns observed.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0965-2140",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}