@article{ref1,
title="Dopaminergic and glutamatergic interactions in the expression of self-injurious behavior",
journal="Developmental neuroscience",
year="1998",
author="King, B. H. and Cromwell, H. C. and Lee, H. T. and Behrstock, S. P. and Schmanke, T. and Maidment, N. T.",
volume="20",
number="2-3",
pages="180-187",
abstract="Self-injurious behavior occurring in persons with severe mental retardation is a clinically significant and poorly understood problem. Multiple neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this behavior, particularly dopaminergic, opioidergic, and serotonergic systems. Pemoline, a central stimulant, administered systemically at high doses reliably produces self-biting behavior in the rat. The systemic bolus of pemoline produces sustained neostriatal levels of pemoline for over 24 h in a continuous infusion paradigm. Studies of the effect of cortical lesions on pemoline-mediated behaviors reveal that cortical damage, as is common in profound mental retardation, lowers the threshold for pemoline-induced self-biting behavior. Data from the corticostriatal slice suggests that sustained exposure to pemoline produces a shift in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated responses rendering them more susceptible to dopaminergic enhancement. Thus, dopaminergic and glutamatergic interactions appear to play an important role in the development and expression of self-biting in the pemoline model.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0378-5866",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}