@article{ref1,
title="Survival after massive ecstasy overdose",
journal="Journal of toxicology - clinical toxicology",
year="1998",
author="Ramcharan, S. and Meenhorst, P. L. and Otten, J. M. and Koks, C. H. and de Boer, D. and Maes, R. A. and Beijnen, J. H.",
volume="36",
number="7",
pages="727-731",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: The toxicity profile of the amphetamine derivative 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, &quot;Ecstasy&quot;) is well known. This designer drug is usually taken at &quot;house parties&quot; and may cause severe complications, sometimes leading to death, even when taken in relatively small units (1 or 2 tablets). Up to now, only a few cases of survival after ingestion of an overdose of Ecstasy have been described. In most cases the users developed hyperthermia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis, and renal failure. CASE REPORT: We describe a man who, after ingesting 50 tablets of Ecstasy (in combination with oxazepam and alcohol) at home, recovered within 2 days. Presenting features were unconsciousness, apnea, and convulsions. It is suggested that in most cases severe 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine toxicity results from an interaction between direct pharmacological effects of the drug and the prevailing environmental conditions (high ambient temperature, dancing in trance, little fluid intake).<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0731-3810",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}