@article{ref1,
title="Specifying the Interrelationship Between Exposure to Violence and Parental Monitoring for Younger Versus Older Adolescents: A Five Year Longitudinal Test",
journal="American journal of community psychology",
year="2012",
author="Spano, Richard and Rivera, Craig J. and Vazsonyi, Alexander T. and Bolland, John M.",
volume="49",
number="1-2",
pages="127-141",
abstract="Five waves of longitudinal data collected from 349 African American youth living in extreme poverty were used to examine the interrelationship between exposure to violence and parenting during adolescence. Semi-parametric group based modeling was used to identify trajectories of parental monitoring and exposure to violence from T1 to T5. Results from these analyses revealed: (1) a trajectory of declining parental monitoring for 48% of youth; and (2) four distinct trajectories of exposure to violence. Multivariate findings were largely consistent with the ecological-transactional model of community violence. Youth with stable and/or increasing trajectories of exposure to violence were more likely than youth with stable-low exposure to violence to have declining parental monitoring, but additional analyses revealed a similar pattern of findings for younger adolescents (age 9-11 T1), but no evidence of linkages between trajectories of exposure to violence and parental monitoring for older adolescents (age 12-16 T1). The theoretical and policy implications of these findings as well as areas for future research are also discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0091-0562",
doi="10.1007/s10464-011-9456-8",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10464-011-9456-8"
}