@article{ref1,
title="Mediating Factors Associated With Pedestrian Injury in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder",
journal="Pediatrics",
year="2011",
author="Stavrinos, Despina and Biasini, Fred J. and Fine, Philip R. and Hodgens, J. Bart and Khatri, Snehal and Mrug, Sylvie and Schwebel, David C.",
volume="128",
number="2",
pages="296-302",
abstract="Objective: Unintentional injury is the leading cause of pediatric mortality. One leading cause of unintentional injury is pedestrian injury. Children with developmental disabilities, particularly those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-combined type (ADHD-C) seem to have increased pedestrian injury risk. This study examined (1) the differences in pedestrian behavior between children with ADHD-C and normally developing comparison children and (2) the mediating factors that might link ADHD-C with pedestrian injury risk. Patients and Methods: A total of 78 children aged 7 to 10 years (39 children with ADHD-C diagnoses and 39 age- and gender-matched typically developing children) participated. The main outcome measure was pedestrian behavior, as measured in a semi-immersive, interactive, virtual pedestrian environment. Key pedestrian variables related to different aspects of the crossing process were identified: (1) before the cross (ie, evaluating aspects of the crossing environment); (2) making the cross (ie, deciding to cross and initiating movement); and (3) safety of the cross (ie, safety within the pedestrian environment after the decision to cross was made). Results: Children with ADHD-C chose riskier pedestrian environments to cross within (F(1,72) = 4.83; P < .05). No significant differences emerged in other aspects of the crossing process. Executive function played a mediating role in the relationship between ADHD-C and the safety of the cross. Conclusions: Children with ADHD-C seem to display appropriate curbside pedestrian behavior but fail to process perceived information adequately to permit crossing safely.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0031-4005",
doi="10.1542/peds.2010-3829",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-3829"
}