@article{ref1,
title="Predictors of long-term outcome in severe head injury",
journal="Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore",
year="1998",
author="Lai, Y. C. and Chen, F. G. and Goh, M. H. and Koh, K. F.",
volume="27",
number="3",
pages="326-331",
abstract="Severe head injury is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We conducted a retrospective study to assess the long-term outcome of these patients using the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) and evaluate the variables that might predict outcome. Data were collected from all post-traumatic neurosurgical patients with severe head injury (Glasgow Coma Scale 8 or less) admitted to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit over a 29-month period. The long-term outcome was assessed one year after the injury by a telephone interview or a review of the hospital records. Seventy patients satisfied the criteria for the study. The male to female ratio was 9:1. The mean age of the patients was 37 (range 17 to 84) years. The overall mortality was 50%. Patients with a poor outcome (defined as GOS scores of 1 to 3) had a significantly higher mean age, higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and a lower Glasgow Coma Scale than those with a good outcome (GOS 4 to 5). The APACHE II score correlated better with outcome than the Glasgow Coma Scale or age. The APACHE II score may be used to prognosticate the long-term outcome in severe head injury.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0304-4602",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}