@article{ref1,
title="Levels of self-awareness after acute brain injury: how patients' and rehabilitation specialists' perceptions compare",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2001",
author="Abreu, Beatriz C. and Seale, G. and Scheibel, R. S. and Huddleston, N. and Zhang, Linhe and Ottenbacher, K. J.",
volume="82",
number="1",
pages="49-56",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To examine self-awareness regarding performance on 4 daily living tasks and to test theoretical predictions for a model of self-awareness in persons with acquired brain injury. DESIGN: A comparative design examining the level of self-awareness recorded by patients and actual patient performance as judged by rehabilitation clinicians. SETTING: A community-based residential center providing comprehensive rehabilitation services to persons with acquired brain injury. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-five persons with acquired brain injury and the identified potential to return to independent function in the community. Ten subjects without brain injury provided comparison data. INTERVENTION: Information was collected by using patient self-report, clinician rating of patient performance, patient rating of non-brain-injured subjects, and clinician rating of non-brain-injured subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Three self-awareness criteria were examined: intellectual, emergent, and anticipatory. Self-awareness was rated for 3 tasks: dressing, meal planning, and money management. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences (p <.05) were found for all levels of self-awareness across the 3 tasks. Persons with brain injury judged their abilities higher than clinician ratings of actual performance. No statistical support was found for a hierarchy among intellectual, emergent, and anticipatory self-awareness. CONCLUSIONS: No evidence was found supporting a hierarchy among levels of self-awareness as defined and measured in the present study. New methods for operationally defining intellectual, emergent, and anticipatory self-awareness are necessary to examine the relationship between self-awareness and performance.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1053/apmr.2001.9167",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.9167"
}