@article{ref1,
title="Assessment of fracture risk: value of random population-based samples--the Geelong Osteoporosis Study",
journal="Journal of clinical densitometry",
year="2001",
author="Henry, M. J. and Pasco, J. A. and Seeman, E. and Nicholson, G. C. and Sanders, K. M. and Kotowicz, M. A.",
volume="4",
number="4",
pages="283-289",
abstract="Fracture risk is determined by bone mineral density (BMD). The T-score, a measure of fracture risk, is the position of an individual's BMD in relation to a reference range. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of change in the T-score when different sampling techniques were used to produce the reference range. Reference ranges were derived from three samples, drawn from the same region: (1) an age-stratified population-based random sample, (2) unselected volunteers, and (3) a selected healthy subset of the population-based sample with no diseases or drugs known to affect bone. T-scores were calculated using the three reference ranges for a cohort of women who had sustained a fracture and as a group had a low mean BMD (ages 35-72 yr; n = 484). For most comparisons, the T-scores for the fracture cohort were more negative using the population reference range. The difference in T-scores reached 1.0 SD. The proportion of the fracture cohort classified as having osteoporosis at the spine was 26, 14, and 23% when the population, volunteer, and healthy reference ranges were applied, respectively. The use of inappropriate reference ranges results in substantial changes to T-scores and may lead to inappropriate management.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1094-6950",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}