@article{ref1,
title="Psychophysiologic effects of applied tension on the emotional fainting response to blood and injury",
journal="Behaviour research and therapy",
year="2003",
author="Vögele, Claus and Coles, Justine and Wardle, Jane and Steptoe, Andrew",
volume="41",
number="2",
pages="139-155",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to investigate the psychophysiologic effects of &quot;Applied Tension&quot; (AT) on the emotional fainting response to blood and injury in a controlled experiment. METHOD: Twenty-two persons reporting to generally feel faint or to have fainted at the sight of blood or injury and 22 participants classified as Non-Fainters were randomly allocated to a treatment or control condition. Psychophysiologic responses were continuously monitored while individuals watched a video depicting open-heart surgery and a control film. Prior to the surgery film, participants in the treatment condition were instructed in the use of AT. RESULTS: All participants classified as Fainters showed a diphasic response pattern while watching the surgery film. This response, however, was significantly attenuated in Fainters in the treatment condition. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that AT provides an effective treatment strategy for the prevention of fainting responses in persons with a fear of blood and injury.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0005-7967",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}