@article{ref1,
title="Simulation of pedestrian contra-flow by multi-agent DEM model with self-evasive action model",
journal="Safety science",
year="2012",
author="Gotoh, Hitoshi and Harada, Eiji and Andoh, Eisuke",
volume="50",
number="2",
pages="326-332",
abstract="A pedestrian contra-flow can be seen frequently in urban spaces such as a pedestrian crossing, an open space and a concourse. A pedestrian simulation with taking a pedestrian contra-flow into account will be a rational tool for designing urban pedestrian facilities. The objective of our research is to develop a microscopic model for a pedestrian contra-flow. Although we have been developing a DEM (Distinct Element Method)-based microscopic model of crowd behavior, this conventional crowd behavior model does not necessarily provide satisfactory agreement with an observation in a pedestrian crossing with heavy commute traffic. In this paper, we newly develop a self-evasive action model, which can describe either a collision avoidance or an alignment behavior between adjacent pedestrians. The multi-agent DEM model with the self-evasive action model shows good predictions of the characteristics of pedestrian contra-flow.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0925-7535",
doi="10.1016/j.ssci.2011.09.009",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2011.09.009"
}