@article{ref1,
title="Shift work and the incidence of injury among police officers",
journal="American journal of industrial medicine",
year="2012",
author="Violanti, John M. and Fekedulegn, Desta and Andrew, Michael E. and Charles, Luenda E. and Hartley, Tara A. and Vila, Bryan and Burchfiel, Cecil M.",
volume="55",
number="3",
pages="217-227",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Police officers may be injury prone due to fatigue, erratic work hours, and insufficient sleep. This study explored injury incidence among police officers across shifts. METHODS: Day-to-day shift data from computerized payroll records (1994-2010) were available from a mid-sized urban police department (n = 430). Sleep duration, shift activity level, returning to work after days off, and injury incidence over time were also examined. RESULTS: Age-adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) for injury on the midnight shift was 72% larger than the day shift (IRR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.26-2.36) and 66% larger than the afternoon shift (IRR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.23-2.25). Injury incidence for the first day back on the midnight shift was 69% larger than day shift (IRR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.23-2.32) and 54% larger than the afternoon shift (IRR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.36-1.76). High activity level combined with midnight shift work put officers at increased injury risk (IRR = 2.31; P = 0.0003). Probability of remaining free of injury was significantly higher for day shift than midnight shift (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Higher injury risk was associated with night shift work in police officers. Night shift combined with high work activity was strongly associated with injury risk. There was a significantly higher probability of not being injured on day compared to midnight or afternoon shifts. Am. J. Ind. Med. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0271-3586",
doi="10.1002/ajim.22007",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22007"
}