@article{ref1,
title="Development of a measure of the experience of being bullied in youth",
journal="Psychological assessment",
year="2012",
author="Hunt, Caroline and Peters, Lorna and Rapee, Ronald M.",
volume="24",
number="1",
pages="156-165",
abstract="The Personal Experiences Checklist (PECK) was developed to provide a multidimensional assessment of a young person's personal experience of being bullied that covered the full range of bullying behaviors, including covert relational forms of bullying and cyber bullying. A sample of 647 school children were used to develop the scale, and a 2nd sample of 218 children completed the PECK and a battery of measures of bullying (including peer nomination), anxiety, depression, and self-esteem, to provide validity evidence. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a further sample of 78 students. Four factors emerged from a principal axis factoring consistent with the domains of relational-verbal bullying, cyber bullying, physical bullying, and bullying based on culture and were confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis. The data also supported a higher order bullying factor with direct effects on these 4 factors. All PECK scales showed good to excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α range = .78-.91) and adequate test-retest reliability (range r = .61-.86). Most, but not all, expected relations were found with alternative methods of assessing bullying and measures of psychopathology. Taken together, the PECK provides a promising comprehensive and behaviorally focused dimensional measure of bullying. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1040-3590",
doi="10.1037/a0025178",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0025178"
}