@article{ref1,
title="Preference for Violent Electronic Games and Aggressive Behavior among Children: The Beginning of the Downward Spiral?",
journal="Media psychology",
year="2011",
author="Oppl, Caroline and Kristen, Astrid and Vogelgesang, Jens and von Salisch, Maria",
volume="14",
number="3",
pages="233-258",
abstract="A one-year longitudinal study with 324 German third and fourth graders was conducted in order to find out whether a preference for violent electronic games socializes children to become more aggressive or whether aggressive individuals tend to select this type of game. Cross-lagged panel analyses suggest that children who were rated as openly aggressive at Time 1 intensified their preference for violent electronic games over time. We determined that it could be ruled out that this selection effect was due to a number of underlying variables ranging from ecological variables (neighborhood) to family variables (migration status, older brother) and child variables (gender, self-esteem, level of achievement). Discussion focuses on the emerging preference for violent electronic games among children.<p />",
language="",
issn="1521-3269",
doi="10.1080/15213269.2011.596468",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2011.596468"
}