@article{ref1,
title="Does anxiety increase impulsivity in patients with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder?",
journal="Journal of psychiatric research",
year="2012",
author="Bellani, Marcella and Hatch, John P. and Nicoletti, Mark A. and Ertola, Astrid E. and Zunta-Soares, Giovana and Swann, Alan C. and Brambilla, Paolo and Soares, Jair C.",
volume="46",
number="5",
pages="616-621",
abstract="The objective of this study was to examine whether anxiety increases impulsivity among patients with bipolar disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Subjects comprised 205 BPD (mean age ± SD 36.6 ± 11.5 y; 29.3% males) and 105 with MDD (mean age ± SD 38 ± 13.1 y; 29.5% males) diagnosed using the DSM-IV-SCID. Impulsivity was assessed with the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and anxiety with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Comorbid anxiety disorders were present in 58.9% of the BPD and 29.1% of MDD. BPD were significantly more impulsive than MDD (p < 0.001), and both BPD and MDD subjects showed significantly higher impulsivity when anxiety was present either as a comorbidity (p = 0.010) or as a symptom (p = 0.011). Impulsivity rose more rapidly with increasing anxiety symptoms in MDD than in BPD. The presence of anxiety, either as a comorbid disorder or as current anxiety symptoms, is associated with higher impulsivity in subjects with either BPD or MDD.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-3956",
doi="10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.016",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.016"
}