@article{ref1,
title="A Multi-Body Head-and-Neck Model for Simulation of Rear Impact in Cars",
journal="Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of automobile engineering",
year="2007",
author="Himmetoglu, S. and Acar, M. and Taylor, A. J. and Bouazza-Marouf, K.",
volume="221",
number="5",
pages="527-541",
abstract="This paper presents the development and validation of a 50th percentile male multi-body head-and-neck model, aimed primarily at analysing rear impact and the resulting whiplash injury effects. The objective is to design a computationally efficient model behaving like a human head and neck in the case of a rear impact. The volunteer sled tests performed by the Japanese Automobile Research Institute (JARI) have been used for the validation of the head-neck model for low-speed rear-impact analysis. The presented approach for the multi-body head-and-neck model is simple, effective, and capable of producing biofidelic responses. The results show that the model can represent with a high degree of accuracy the rear-impact response of a human.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0954-4070",
doi="10.1243/09544070JAUTO467",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070JAUTO467"
}