@article{ref1,
title="Low-Cost Carbon-Fibre-Based Automotive Body Panel Systems: A Performance and Manufacturing Cost Comparison",
journal="Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of automobile engineering",
year="2008",
author="Turner, T. A. and Harper, L. T. and Warrior, N. A. and Rudd, C. D.",
volume="222",
number="1",
pages="53-63",
abstract="Carbon-fibre-based composite manufacturing processes have been considered for automotive body panel applications. A full-scale front wing--fender component was produced using two composite manufacturing processes (a semi--;impregnated (sem-preg) system and a novel directed fibre preforming--resin transfer moulding process) and compared with an existing stamped steel component for mechanical properties, weight saving, and cost, using a technical-cost-modelling procedure. Mechanical testing demonstrates that the carbon fibre composite solutions can provide 40--50 per cent weight saving for an equivalent bending stiffness to steel panels and greatly improved dent resistance. For the part studied, carbon fibre semi-preg systems offered the lowest cost process up to around 500 parts/annum and directed fibre preforming technologies were cheaper between 500 and 9000 parts/annum. The steel component was seen to be more cost effective at volumes above around 9000 parts/annum.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0954-4070",
doi="10.1243/09544070JAUTO406",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070JAUTO406"
}