@article{ref1,
title="Gunshot and improvised explosive casualties: a report from the Spanish Role 2 medical facility in Herat, Afghanistan",
journal="Military medicine",
year="2012",
author="Navarro Suay, Ricardo and Abadía de Barbará, Alberto Hernández and Gutierrez Ortega, Carlos and Bartolomé Cela, Enrique and Lam, David M. and Gilsanz Rodríguez, Fernando",
volume="177",
number="3",
pages="326-332",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To provide an analysis of casualties treated during medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) or/and at the Spanish Role 2 in Herat, Afghanistan, including type of weapon, injuries, and effects of protective measures. METHOD: A retrospective analysis was carried out concerning patients who had suffered injuries from either gunshot or explosive devices treated during MEDEVAC or/and at this facility during the period 2005-2008. RESULTS: The total number of cases analyzed was 256. The majority of the casualties were produced by explosive devices (71%). The anatomical regions most affected were the lower limbs (48%). There was a higher New Injury Severity Score in casualties wounded by gunshot (14 +/- 1) than in those wounded by explosive devices (8.5 +/- 1.5) (p < 0.001). Surgical procedures for injuries caused by gunshots were 1.7 times more likely than for those due to explosive devices (95% confidence interval: 1.4 to 2.1). Protective devices were used only by 25% of casualties. CONCLUSIONS: The injury score indices of firearm casualties were higher than the explosive device casualties' injury score indices. The possible reasons for this finding are discussed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0026-4075",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}