@article{ref1,
title="The spatial distribution of riots: patronage and the instigation of communal violence in Gujarat, India",
journal="World development",
year="2011",
author="Berenschot, Ward",
volume="39",
number="2",
pages="221-230",
abstract="SummaryWhy does violence erupt in some areas and not in others? The Hindu-Muslim violence that engulfed Gujarat in 2002 did not spread uniformly throughout the state, as a sizable number of towns and villages remained unaffected by the killing, looting, and raping that took place. This article takes up the different levels of violence within one city as a clue to understand the local dynamics that lead to riots. This ethnographic study of events in a violent and a peaceful locality suggests that violence is more likely in neighborhoods where inhabitants gain access to state institutions through patronage networks that derive electoral gains from communal violence.<p />",
language="",
issn="0305-750X",
doi="10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.11.029",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.11.029"
}