@article{ref1,
title="Common cause failures--a dilemma in perspective",
journal="Reliability engineering",
year="1980",
author="Smith, Anthony M. and Watson, Ian A.",
volume="1",
number="2",
pages="127-142",
abstract="This paper identifies the broad spectrum of common cause failure (CCF) definitions used by various authors. These definitions, as applied to real aircraft and nuclear reactor failure events, lead to a divergence of interpretation and a resultant confusion that obscures meaningful progress in CCF analysis. A new definition is proposed, explained, and tested against the examples. Technical as well as administrative practices are cited as ways to control or eliminate the product defects that lead to CCF.<p />",
language="",
issn="0143-8174",
doi="10.1016/0143-8174(80)90004-9",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-8174(80)90004-9"
}