@article{ref1,
title="Associations Between Selected State Laws and Teenagers' Drinking and Driving Behaviors",
journal="Alcoholism: clinical and experimental research",
year="2012",
author="Spitznagel, Edward L. and Krauss, Melissa J. and Bierut, Laura Jean and Grucza, Richard A. and Schootman, Mario and Chaloupka, Frank J. and Cavazos-Rehg, Patricia A.",
volume="36",
number="9",
pages="1647-1652",
abstract="BACKGROUND: We examined the associations between selected state-level graduated driving licensing (GDL) laws and use-and-lose laws (laws that allow for the suspension of a driver's license for underage alcohol violations including purchase, possession, or consumption) with individual-level alcohol-related traffic risk behaviors among high school youth. METHODS: Logistic regression models with fixed effects for state were used to examine the associations between the selected state-level laws and drinking and driving behaviors youth aged 16 to 17 years (obtained from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS); responses dichotomized as &quot;0 times&quot; or &quot;1 or more times&quot;) over an extended period of time (1999 to 2009). RESULTS: A total of 11.7% of students reported having driven after drinking any alcohol and 28.2% reported riding in a car with a driver who had been drinking on 1 or more occasions in the past 30 days. Restrictive GDL laws and use-and-lose laws were associated with decreased driving after drinking any alcohol and riding in a car with a driver who had been drinking alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: Restrictive GDL and use-and-lose laws may help to bolster societal expectations and values about the hazards of drinking and driving behaviors and are therefore partly responsible for the decline in these alcohol-related traffic risk behaviors.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0145-6008",
doi="10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01764.x",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01764.x"
}