@article{ref1,
title="Evidence for reciprocal interaction effects among adults with self-injury and their caregivers",
journal="American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities",
year="2012",
author="Symons, Frank J. and Bodfish, James W. and Harper, Vickie N. and Clary, Jamie and Wolff, Jason J.",
volume="117",
number="3",
pages="225-232",
abstract="Abstract Patterns of caregiver responses to client adaptive behavior were compared between adults with intellectual disabilities with and without self-injurious behavior. Participants with moderate to profound intellectual disability and self-injury (n  =  89) and age/IQ matched control participants (n  =  20) were selected from a large sample of adults living in a regional residential center. Approximately 45 minutes of direct observation data were collected for each participant during unstructured leisure time. Data were sequentially analyzed and Yule's Q scores derived and compared among groups. Results indicated that caregivers were more responsive to prosocial initiations and adaptive engagement among individuals with severe self-injurious behavior than to those with mild or no self-injurious behavior and that these responses were more likely to be in the form of a demand.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1944-7515",
doi="10.1352/1944-7558-117.3.225",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-117.3.225"
}